Science & technology | Extra extra mature

The world’s oldest cheese sheds light on ancient Chinese culture

What genetic analysis of a 3,500-year-old sour goat’s cheese from Xinjiang reveals

Woman herding her two goats.
Land of milk and LactobacillusPhotograph: Getty Images

FOR MORE than 3,500 years the mummified remains of the Xiaohe people lay undisturbed in a desert cemetery in Xinjiang in western China. Then, in 1979, a team of archaeologists got their hands on them. Among the treasures they dug up were mysterious white lumps strewn across the mummies’ necks: chunks of the oldest preserved cheese in the world.

Explore more

This article appeared in the Science & technology section of the print edition under the headline “Extra extra mature”

From the September 28th 2024 edition

Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contents

Explore the edition

Discover more

left: John Hopfield  right: Dr. Geoffrey Hinton.

AI researchers receive the Nobel prize for physics

The award, to Geoffrey Hinton and John Hopfield, stretches the definition of the field

Victor Ambros Molecular & Gary Ruvkun.

A Nobel prize for the discovery of micro-RNA

These tiny molecules regulate genes and control how cells develop and behave


Illustration of a yellow smiley face with a frown instead of a smile, across the frown, there’s a colorful wave that looks like an audio waveform

AI offers an intriguing new way to diagnose mental-health conditions

Models look for sound patterns undetectable by the human ear


Why it’s so hard to tell which climate policies actually work

Better tools are needed to analyse their effects

Isolated communities are more at risk of rare genetic diseases

The isolation can be geographic or cultural

An adult fruit fly brain has been mapped—human brains could follow

For now, it is the most sophisticated connectome ever made



Discover more

An illustration of two eyes with binary code with the China flag between them. A wavy strip of blue runs along the top whilst below is a smaller US flag, three Yuan symbols, a cursor symbol, wifi symbol, dollar sign and circuit-board patterns along with mo

America v China: who controls Asia’s internet?

Amid an explosive data and AI boom the superpower contest hots up

People crossing a river.

Podcast Drum Tower

Why Chinese migrants are crossing dangerous jungle to reach America

Our weekly podcast on China. This week, in the first episode of a four-part series, we travel to Colombia to meet Chinese migrants en route to the southern border of the United States


A chinese family crossing Darien Gap jungle

How to escape from China to America

We travel with Chinese migrants on the deadly journey to America’s border


Michael Kovrig, former hostage of the Chinese state

Three years after his release, the Canadian tells his story to The Economist

Why China is awash in unwanted milk

Dairy farmers are dumping the stuff, as some call for culling cows

China is using an “anaconda strategy” to squeeze Taiwan

Taiwan’s navy commander warns that his forces are increasingly strained